Project guide
Connect electricity decisions to the temperature, timing and reliability of a useful heat service. Compare direct electric heating, heat pumps and electrically charged thermal storage on one process boundary.
This centre covers process heat, heat recovery, heat pumps, thermal storage and their electrical interfaces. Heating examples use MWh_th and MWh_e explicitly; they do not turn stored heat into electrical backup capacity. Cooling requires a separate cold-service boundary and performance data.
Project data request
State the available evidence, meter boundary and gaps. Traceable records are more useful than unverified defaults; do not place passwords or system keys in an enquiry.
| Group | Required evidence | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Useful service | Useful MW_th, duration, delivery/return temperatures, pressure, fluid and permitted interruption. | Heat quantity and heat quality must both match. |
| Baseline | Fuel quantities/prices, LHV/HHV basis, boiler efficiency and measured useful heat. | Avoids comparing fuel input with useful output. |
| Heat source | Recoverable source temperature/flow, hours, fouling, contamination and seasonality. | Defines whether heat-pump output is actually available. |
| Electricity | Coincident import headroom, charge windows, electricity prices, demand charges and connection conditions. | Separates technical headroom from energy price. |
| TES performance | Storage heat capacity, usable temperature window, holding loss at the required dwell, discharge power and delivery guarantees. | Reconciles nominal heat to useful process delivery. |
| Integration and costs | Installed/retrofit costs, pumps and auxiliaries, backup, maintenance, controls, acceptance and production impact. | Captures costs and constraints outside the main heater. |
Project evidence readiness check
Record evidence and a named reviewer for each gate. A gate closes only when marked verified with a reference, owner and valid review date no later than today. All six are review gates; complete evidence only prepares specialist review.
Sources and review date
Reviewed 26 October 2026. Text, diagrams and exercises are original. All numerical cases use stated teaching assumptions, rather than site measurements or manufacturer commitments. These primary sources support the technical background; verify their applicability to each project.
[H1] ARENA / HILT CRC · TES for Industrial Process Heat: A Practical Guide (2026) ↗
Integrated assessment of process heat and thermal storage.
[H2] IEA · How a Heat Pump Works ↗
Heat-source, useful-output and COP concepts.
[H3] IEA · Heat Pump Monitor 2026: Key Findings ↗
Industrial integration, temperature and economic context.
[H4] DOE · Industrial Heat Pumps for Steam and Fuel Savings ↗
Foundational engineering explanation; not a current local approval rule.